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Ecuador - When Democracy is what counts

is clear that greater importance may involve Democracy is its existence or its absence.
already showed us the experience that their presence may be the case not eat or be educated, or cure.Y many "or" more ...

In the following note from The Nation (the transcribed below) report some economic policy measures implemented by the Ecuadorian President Rafael Correa. Today there were some riots in Ecuador, which I would pass over.

In my opinion given to reflect again about the importance of quality of democracy and the importance of having presidents Economists.

In the coming days I will investigate a bit to put some facts into perspective. Meanwhile

me your opinion on Democracy and economists to Power!

Greetings, MI




Note Nation Today

Correa, axis of XXI century economic policy of Ecuador

Ecuadorian economic policy must be understood in close relationship with President Rafael Correa . It could not be differently, as Correa is a specialist in the field. In addition to being Minister of Economy, has a distinguished academic career. He graduated as an economist in 1987, at the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil, earned a master at the Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium and a Ph.D. from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA, in 2001.

President is located within the trend known as XXI Century Socialism, a term promoted by the German sociologist Heinz Dieterich Steffan. Its regional ally, Hugo Chávez, has ironically defined as "the Chicago boy to the left."

As Ecuador's economy which is dollarized and is the eighth largest in Latin America, "in 2009, its GDP was U.S. $ 57,249 million. This year, growth was 0.36%. Meanwhile, per capita GDP was U.S. $ 4,201.

less than two months ago, the Central Bank revised the growth projection of the country's economy to 3.7% during 2010 from an earlier 6.8 percent, since the oil sector would decrease by 1 , 7 percent this year.
Among the main sectors in 2010 will grow the agriculture, manufacturing and construction, said the document.

Ecuador belonging to the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). While it is the smallest member of the group, oil accounts for 40% of exports and contributes to maintaining a positive trade balance.

Recently, the Central Bank reported an increase from 64% in exports in the first six months of the year. During the first half of 2010, exported 5.414 billion dollars. In the same period last year the figure was of 3330 million.

extreme poverty rate has declined significantly between 1999 and 2010. In 2001 was estimated at 40% of the population, while in 2010 the figure dropped to 16.5% of the total population.

The unemployment rate in the first half of the year stood at 7.7%, according to official figures. This showed a fall of 0.6 points over the same period in 2009.

Model. After his resounding victory in the 2009 elections, with which he began his second term, Correa called to deepen his socialist project and advance the so-called "citizens' revolution."

"Changes are possible, but outside of the capitalist system within the new socialism," Correa said. There, said that his government would continue pushing for a financial order outside the International Monetary Fund and World Bank.

The dispute was not new: in 2007, Correa had expelled the World Bank's envoy in the country, and promoted a "regional rebellion" against foreign credit agencies. In those days, with that action and terminating the relationship with the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the president settled accounts with which he calls "bureaucracy undesirable."
The Fund dismissed him with a check for $ 11.4 million of debt outstanding and WB with a bang because of the "blackmail" which he said, endured by the body being Finance Minister in 2005.
Last April, he threatened to expropriate oil: tightened the siege imposed on the foreign oil companies to announce sending a bill to the National Assembly to expropriate the fields leased to these companies if they refuse to sign new contracts with the State in the short term. So
ratified and hardened their stance against transnational corporations within its project to regain full control on oil production.

"Since I ran out of patience on this, are playing with us the oil, there will be very important actions in the coming weeks," then the president had said.

oil exploitation in Ecuador (fifth largest on the continent) down from 536,000 bpd in 2006 to 466,000 bpd in the first two months of 2010. In 2009, foreign oil accounted for 42 percent of global production of 486,000 barrels per day.

Meanwhile, last August, the Ecuadorian government announced the expropriation of some 2.5 million hectares of land considered unproductive and concentrated in few hands.

Policy in an unstable country. Correa was in 2009, the president re-elected in the recent history of Ecuador, a country that was until recently the most unstable in the region, with seven presidents in a decade (1997-2006), three of them dismissed amid popular revolts.

social investment, economic policy nationalist, anti-American position, a sharp confrontation with neoliberalism (the "long and sad neoliberal night" as he calls the nineties) and a fervor for Latin American integration marked its first year government.

In his first government, Correa's popularity allowed him to take controversial decisions, such as declaring a moratorium of nearly 32% of external debt, estimated at 10,090 million dollars, considering it "illegal and illegitimate."

had also a strong spending on social programs, subsidies and investment in education and health. According to official data, until last year invested 2.5 billion dollars in schools, hospitals, housing and infrastructure.

M Jak Milosc Odcinek 825 Online

Solar Cells Permanently New flagstones that cleans the air

oxide concentrations of nitrogen in the German cities often exceed the maximum permitted levels for this compound toxic. This situation may now be about to begin to change. Change will be installed as a novel flagstones that will help protect the environment. Coated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles, these unique stones reduce the amount of nitrogen oxide in the air.

In Germany, the air quality is not always as good as could be. Data from the Federal Ministry of the Environment are clear about that. In 2009, the quantities of toxic nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere exceeded the maximum permitted levels of not less than 55 percent of monitoring stations in urban areas. The ministry reported that motor vehicle traffic on the roads is one of the main sources of these emissions.

Following these events, the city of Fulda is currently the scene of a pilot program to test the effectiveness of this new way to combat air pollution. All along the street Petersburg, will be placed slabs of this special class that will hopefully clean the air pollution cited excessive nitrogen oxide. In the street, pollution levels recorded last year exceeded the annual average limit of 40 micrograms per cúbico.El titanium dioxide covering the slabs becomes nitrate nitrogen oxides and some other harmful substances. Titanium dioxide is a photocatalyst, using sunlight to accelerate a chemical reaction that occurs naturally in appropriate circumstances. The speed of this reaction increases as exposure of the material makes the light air cleaners solar.Las slabs were developed by the company Nüdling Betonelemente FC. Has verified its effectiveness in the Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology in Schmallenberg, where investigators also found the risk of nitrates resulting to the environment.

Further information: http://www.scitech-news.com/2010/09/paving-slabs-that-clean-air.html

Hot Pink Shower Curtains

Biochar ... Less Emissions of Greenhouse Gases? Regional Expociencia

To 12 percent of emissions of greenhouse gases caused by humans worldwide could be offset so sustainable through the production of biochar, a charcoal-like substance made of vegetables and other organic materials. This is more than could be offset if the same plants and materials to be burned for energy. This is indicated by results of a new study.

These calculations show that biochar can play an important role in the fight against global climate change. "Biochar offers one of the few ways to get energy while reducing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. And improving food production in poorer regions the world by increasing soil fertility, "says one of the study's authors, Jim Amonette, a chemist specializing in soils, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.

The study is the most thorough and comprehensive analysis conducted to date on the global potential of biochar. In 1993, the substance was first suggested as a way to counter climate change. Scientists and government authorities have paid increasing attention in recent years.The new study has been carried out by Dominic Woolf and Alayne Street-Perrott, University of Swansea in Wales, United Kingdom, Johannes Lehmann of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, Stephen Joseph, University of New South Wales, Australia, and Amonette.

Biochar is produced by decomposing plant biomass, including wood and other organic materials, high temperature, in a process called pyrolysis lenta.En normal conditions, the biomass decomposes and releases its carbon into the atmosphere within a decade or two. But the biochar is more stable and can retain its carbon for hundreds or even thousands of years, delaying the release to the atmosphere of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide.

Other benefits of biochar include: An improvement of the soil by increasing the ability of it to conserve water and nutrients, reducing emissions of nitrous oxide and methane from the soil, and during the slow pyrolysis process, the production of some biofuels may help offset greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels.

For more information: http://www.scitech-news.com/2010/08/charcoal-takes-some-heat-off-global.html

Rules Of Diaper Punishment

Movistar

As users of telecommunications services in general will agree that the remaining commitments usually a contract clause that generates big headache for many users.

In fact, if all was well and we did not have any problem, no more inconvenient would meet the happy stay, but just when a problem arises when comes out this clause.

For this reason there are many people looking for products that do not require to remain tied to the company in question for months and months in which we have to keep paying for a service that we are not comfortable.

Unfortunately, among the various deals offered by Movistar when ADSL service contract exists only a form that does not include long-term contract, and fair is the mode with the download limit.

is the Mini ADSL, which offers a download speed of 1Mbps but limits the maximum traffic that can be downloaded to your computer to 2GB. The additional traffic will be charged to our account at a rate of 5 € for each additional 2GB.

Dog Has Lumps On Knee From Bumping

ADSL ADSL FAQ ADSL Movistar Movistar Offer

When hiring our broadband service for Internet access always arise many questions relating to service, customer service, price or other factors of interest.

In this post we will try to collect some of the issues raised most Internet users interested in offers ADSL offering Movistar.

What types fixed ADSL offers Movistar?

Currently we can choose between modes of 1, 6 and 10 Mbps download speed. There is also a version with limited ADSL Mini Download to 2GB. Do

of permanence Movistar offers?

Indeed, offers of ADSL that offers Movistar with any type of discount (or installation fee) include a commitment to stay for 12 months (1 year).

Movistar Does ADSL flat rate includes calls?

All versions except the Mini, including free calls to landlines. Also, versions 6 and 10Mb offer free calls to phones on the weekends.

Does the price include the amount of line?

depend on the offer I've ever seen, but usually the price indicated will have to add the € 13.97 per month (+ VAT) share online.

What is the best deal offered by Movistar? While

offers are updated periodically, the typology of them do not usually vary. At present you can subscribe to versions 6 and 10Mb with an offer of 9.95 € / month for 3 months and € 19.90 per month for 9 below, to complete the 12-month stay.

Any suggestions for getting the best price?

The sale price of ADSL Movistar is usually the cheapest on the market. Once you pass the 12 months we may be able offer renewal of the offer or the economic package known as ADSL.

How Do I Get Relief From Meralgia Paresthetica

Cuba Libre

Few know that my favorite drink is the Cuba Libre .

I know is what, in the previous post we discuss the news that Cuba will cut 500,000 jobs in the public sector here in the first quarter of 2011, and then would add more than 500,000 casualties.

The first impression I gave the news was that it is too crowded. One of our commentators Anonymous struck me, giving understand that he was looking through the eyes of the capitalist, the socialist world.

Far from making value judgments, and using One Cuban official statistics, I will try to show why I find totally hypocritical official position and "representatives" of employees.

statistical series are not long, but I could build a 1999 to 2009.

The unemployment rate fell sharply from the late 90's. By 1999 it stood at 6.3% of the economically active population (EAP), while late last year, was at 1.7%.

Importantly this was achieved even though the rate (number of persons belonging to the economically active population (employed + unemployed) with respect to the number of people age work (17-60 years for the unemployed and 15 and above for employees) increased from 70.2% for 1999, up 75.4% in 2009.

is

say, more people actively participate in the labor market while the unemployment rate (percentage of people who sought and found work in the reference period for the PEA) fell to a minimum.

For Men:

And when it comes to Women:

perfect

For now we see and what remains is where we used all these people who previously were unemployed.

Cuban employment statistics, broken down into of total employees to Cooperativitas and private (and within these past the self-employed). Residually would get the number of employees in the Public Sector

Employed in the Public Sector = Total Employed - (Cooperative + Private)

So you can see that since 2001 (no data for 2000 found ), employment in the public sector increased its relative size, going to occupy about 80% of Cuban workers, nearly 84% of the total.

That is, the public sector incorporated as much of the "new supply" of workers.

For their part, Cooperative went from representing 7.1% to 4.6% of total private and 13% to 11.7% (within them the self-employed from 3.4% to 2.8%).

So in the last decade, the Cuban public sector led the expansion of labor demand, while as shown by the news that we post to Previously, is the same government that has the power to authorize private or cooperative enterprises.

Thus, with the announced reduction in the public workforce of around 12% (and 10% of the total economy) and assuming that you can see some added worker effect (this means that when the Head of family becomes unemployed or worse one payment, it could be the case that your spouse or another member, eg. Children are also put to find work) could further increase unemployment. As we saw in the previous tables, there is still some room for more women go to seek employment.

will see the absorptive capacity of the Cuban system of work (I tried to say no "market" work), but what is observed over the past rhythm at times seems more consistent start self-criticism. Resta say who inflated the templates. Here, often we speak of "the inheritance received."

Just I was thinking about the unforgettable scene from Godfather II where Michael, just in Havana, he realizes that his brother, Fredo, had betrayed him. And everything takes place in full outbreak of the Revolution. Bueeee

do not know why I crossed that image ...

Perhaps I'm wrong. Or maybe, deep down, I am an inveterate capitalist ... or maybe Cuba is accelerating the shift in the style of policy shock.

not know why it reminds me of what was proposed by the IMF, the OECD and the G7 for the transition of Russia in the early 90'sy that flourished under President Boris Yeltsin (with a recession lasted 7 years and a fall in real per capita GDP of 24% between 1991 and 2001 and that thanks to the last recovery, and that between 1991 and 1998 was the tremendous decline of 39% *).

Time will tell ... and who is free from sin capital, pull down the arguments ...

Greetings,

MI

* Based on official statistics from Goskomstat . If anyone is interested in deepening is the link of this paper Andrei Shleifer and Daniel Treisman .

Peacesign Themed Bedrooms

While in Argentina, according to Hector Mendez (UIA holder), we want to look like a little closer to Cuba , I learned that Rollo La Isla want to cut 500,000 jobs in the public sector. ¿What?

Today, as the note is transcribed below, Cuba would have a total of 3 million people working. A sixth (half million) correspond to the private sector, while the rest, 2,500,000 people would work in the public sector.

Looking for some data, the National Statistics Office Cuban, I found these would show that in 2008, the total number of workers was about 5,000,000 people (3 million would be men, half the people of Scope macho, no?).

However, the 500,000 jobs would correspond to approx. 10% of the number of employed persons in 2008 (latest data available in the series).

What seems quite difficult to achieve is that the private sector to absorb a similar amount of workers they have today.

But on the other hand, if in the public sector is creating "lists" of people more or less necessary "as the note suggests transcribe then generate a number of additional problems. Namely:

i-workers are considered expendable, must face an unfamiliar labor market with a double stigma (one provided by the state and another for his own personal estimate).

ii-Businesses today must include personnel who may not need, unless there be some privatization of state enterprises in Cuba. Besides the labor supply to be absorbed, which would preclude the public sector, so that at first do not think anyone comes out to fight to hire these workers.

iii-By increasing the labor supply (And unemployment), the style of the Industrial Reserve Army of Marxist thought in capitalist economies, it is likely that those who lose out, to shut down the accounts of the state are all private workers via declining real wages. Or at least, through increased competition among new labor market outsiders, perhaps can lead to some increases in productivity that would not be fully reflected in higher real wages.

But anyway, if this is not shock therapy ... where is the shock?

seems to only have to wait Apparently we do not want both! Mendéz maybe the end was protecting us! Quilombo cute ehh ...

I transcribe the note today Scope:

Cuba will dispose of half a million employees in the coming months

Over half a million State workers in Cuba will lose their jobs in coming months, while announcing a radical transformation of pay and working models to alleviate the serious economic situation.

What

that ran for weeks as the island unstoppable rumor was announced in a statement that he had to spread the single union, the Central de Trabajadores de Cuba (CTC), which endorsed the measure because it's up to "maintain the systematic monitoring of progress of this process. "

The statement announced and the "reduction of more than 500,000 workers in the state sector and in parallel the increase in non-state sector, and details that this process will take place next year, but later recalled that timescale will be until the first quarter of 2011. "

Some companies were ordered to draw up "lists" of people more or less necessary. The economist Juan Triana, a researcher at the Center for the Study of the Cuban Economy, acknowledged that the extent of half a million without employees is difficult in a country where labor is 3 million, but noted that there are already half a million workers in the private sector.

"accounts (state) and not overstretched and it is very hard for any government, but no choice," Triana said, adding that the absorption of those unemployed must go through "small companies, cooperatives or family work, because Cuba can not think invent anything new. "

The statement did not warrant a new function for the unemployed, but it does suggest a" horizon of options with new forms of non-state employment (as) the lease, usufruct, cooperatives and self-employment where to move hundreds of thousands of workers in the coming years. "

exist in Cuba and hundreds of business activities that are beyond government control, whether in transport, food supplies or technical, tourism .

Paradoxically, the discourse of Espinosa Chepe and other economists seem disaffected with the regime increasingly to the government itself: the statement of the CTC recognizes that there is "change is necessary and urgent to introduce into the economy and society to transform and streamline the current process and productive workforce."

was President Raul Castro (who actually became president in 2006 after the serious illness of his brother Fidel) who more emphatically insisted on the need for change and streamline the bloated state templates, whose surplus reached to encrypt more than one million people.

The president, in a speech last August 1, did however reassure the public: "Nobody will be left to die" because "the Socialist State will provide the support necessary for a dignified life."