In the desert of northeastern Africa Egypt emerged, one of the most splendid civilizations of history, which left cultural development, among other things, architectural monuments that remain today as the most distinctive symbol of what life was like along the Nile Egyptians were
undoubtedly an advance people, together with considerable power to develop a territorial anticipated many activities that we know today as art, culture and astronomy. Since the beginning of its history created a society based on agriculture, taking advantage of the benefits of the Nile, which would have made impossible the absence of human existence there. Therefore, the great historian Greek Herodotus referred to Egypt as the "gift of the Nile."
This flow comes in lakes Victoria, Albert and Edward, in central Africa where the tropical climate causes rainfall to make the river is flowing to its mouth on the Mediterranean Sea.
In the months of June and October produced more abundant tropical rains, making the river flow increases dramatically. Late September when the waters began to fall, fertilizer deposited silt on the banks of the river, as the Egyptians took advantage of cultivation areas. They, after successive observations, discovered that there was a regularly recurring cycle, and that there a significant relationship between the rise of the Nile and the movement of the stars, which gave rise to the solar year of 365 days.
For Nile floods were well used, the Egyptians had to construct irrigation canal systems and barriers, whose job required a large collective discipline that only a strong government could impose. This is why it is said that the Nile determined the formation of the state and the political organization of ancient Egypt.
Cult of the dead and the construction of pyramids
The mystery of the pyramids
These great buildings that endure to this day have unna lot of secrets we can not yet reveal. For example, the pyramids of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, considered by many historians as tombs but never found them in any Pharaoh died, why?. Little is known of the pyramids is not even entirely sure how they were built or at what time. Some say it was built about 2700 years a. C.; others think dating from before the flood and were lifted by the civilization of Atlantis, or even that they were made by aliens. The one fact is certain is that today we would not be possible to build even if we use all modern technology. Some day we will know the truth.
For the Egyptians, religious concern spread after death. Hence the very special and fervent worship that paid to the deceased. These people strongly believed that after death the soul of man would live happy only if special treatment was given to the corpse to preserve it from corruption. In this way, they perfected the process of conversion is embalming, by which the corpses became mummies placed in tombs. These were decorated with sumptuous varying depending on the social hierarchy of the dead. The tomb
various objects were deposited, it was believed, the deceased could need or miss in the afterlife. Birds and cats, among other animals, were too stuffed to serve as company men on their journey to another world. We could not miss the inclusion of a papyrus which listed the virtues and good works of the deceased, in order to try him leniently by Osiris, the god of the afterlife, in the court of the dead.
The pyramids were the tombs most luxurious and impressive, since they did bury the pharaohs. The most important are those of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure.
participate in the construction of these monuments and temples of the Egyptians was an act of profound significance. All the land of Egypt and his people belonged to the gods, and in particular to Horus, who, it was believed, the king represented on earth in the course of his life. The functions of Horus consisted in keeping the total order of the universe, established at the time of creation, and that included not only the social and political structure of Egypt, but also the laws of nature, the movement of heavenly bodies, succession of the seasons and the flood and drought (level of a river) annual Nile
The building of the pyramids has been admired for all generations. Considered as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, representing an engineering work that still constitute a challenge trying to match.
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